Early, and historically important
CTSS (The Compatible Timeshare System, developed at MIT by Corbato, et al)
Incompatible Timesharing System (ITS, developed at MIT for the Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-6 and PDP-10 mainframes)
THE multiprogramming system (by Dijkstra et al.)
Multics (joint OS development project by Bell Labs, GE, and MIT)
MCP (developed for Leo Computers, Leo III in 1962)
RC 4000 Multiprogramming System (developed by Regnecentralen in 1969)
See also: Operating systems timeline
[edit] Early, proprietary microcomputer OS
Apple Computer Apple DOS (initial version was Read-only memory firmware together with Integer BASIC; later versions included a Microsoft BASIC)
Business Operating System (BOS) - cross platform, command-line based
Commodore PET, Commodore 64, and Commodore VIC-20,
The very first IBM-PC (3 OS offered to start, UCSD p-System, CP/M-86, PC-DOS)
Sinclair Micro and QX, etc.
TRS-DOS (largely Microsoft BASIC implementations with file system extensions)
TI-99/4A
Flex (by Technical Systems Consultants for Motorola 6800 based microcomputers: SWTPC, Tano, Smoke Signal Broadcasting, Gimix, etc)
[edit] Proprietary
[edit] Acorn
Arthur
ARX
MOS (on the BBC Micro and BBC Master)
RISC OS
RISC iX (based on 4.3BSD)
[edit] Amiga
AmigaOS
Amiga Unix, a.k.a. Amix
[edit] Apollo
AEGIS/Domain/OS One of the first network-based systems. Ran on Apollo/Domain hardware. Later bought by Hewlett-Packard.
[edit] Apple/Macintosh
Apple II
Apple DOS
ProDOS
GS/OS
Apple III
SOS (Sophisticated Operating System)
Lisa OS
Macintosh
Unix-like
A/UX
MkLinux
Mac OS
System Software 1
System Software 2
System Software 3
System Software 4
System Software 5
System Software 6
System 7 (code-named "Big Bang")
Mac OS 8
Mac OS 9
Mac OS X
Darwin (open source underpinnings of MacOS X, based on FreeBSD and NextStep)
Mac OS X v10.0 (aka Mac OS X 10.0 "Cheetah")
Mac OS X v10.1 (aka Mac OS X 10.1 "Puma")
Mac OS X v10.2 (aka Mac OS X 10.2 "Jaguar")
Mac OS X v10.3 (aka Mac OS X 10.3 "Panther")
Mac OS X v10.4 (aka Mac OS X 10.4 "Tiger")
Mac OS X v10.5 (aka Mac OS X 10.5 "Leopard")
Mac OS X Server
[edit] ATARI
Atari DOS (for 8-bit computers)
Atari TOS (Tramiel Operating System) Tramiel once Owned Commodore Computers
[edit] Burroughs (later Unisys)
BTOS
MCP (Burroughs Large Systems)
[edit] Convergent Technologies
Later acquired by Unisys.
CTOS
[edit] Be Incorporated
BeOS
BeIA
ZETA (successor of BeOS developed by yellowTAB and now sold by Magnussoft)
[edit] Digital/Tandem Computers/Compaq/HP
OS/8
ITS (for the PDP-6 and PDP-10)
MPE (from HP)
TOPS-10 (for the PDP-10)
WAITS
TENEX (from BBN)
TOPS-20 (for the PDP-10)
RSTS/E (multi-user time-sharing OS for PDP-11s)
RSX-11 (multiuser, multitasking OS for PDP-11s)
RT-11 (single user OS for PDP-11)
VMS (originally by DEC, now by HP) for the VAX mini-computer range, Alpha and Intel Itanium 2; later renamed OpenVMS)
Domain/OS (originally Aegis, from Apollo Computer who were bought by HP)
RTE HP's Real Time Executive (ran on the HP 1000)
TSB HP's Time Share Basic (yes, it was an operating system, ran on the HP 2000 series)
Unix-like
Digital UNIX (derived from OSF/1, became HP's Tru64 UNIX)
HP-UX
Ultrix
NonStop Kernel (Originally from Tandem Computers for their line of fault-tolerant platforms; originally called Guardian). It supports concurrent execution of:
Guardian
OSS (POSIX-compliant Open System Services)
[edit] Green Hills Software
INTEGRITY Reliable Operating system [1]
INTEGRITY-178B A DO-178B certified version of INTEGRITY. [2]
µ-velOSity A lightweight microkernel. [3]
[edit] Hewlett-Packard
MPE Multi-programming Executive; ran on HP3000 mini-computers.
[edit] Intel
iRMX-86 real-time operating system, variants for other processor families like iRMX-88, iRMX-386, manuals
[edit] IBM
PC-DOS (originally nearly indistinguishable from Microsoft MS-DOS)
OS/2 (developed jointly with Microsoft)
OS/2 Warp
eComStation (licensed to Serenity Systems International)
BOS/360 (first system released for the System/360, as an interim)
TOS/360
OS/360 (first OS planned for the System/360 architecture)
MFT
MVT (later called OS/VS2)
DOS/360
DOS/VSE (virtual-memory version of DOS/360)
z/VSE (latest version of the VSE line)
VM/CMS
z/VM (latest version of the VM line)
OS/VS1 (virtual-memory version of OS/360 MFT)
OS/VS2 (virtual-memory version of OS/360 MVT)
SVS (first version of OS/VS2)
MVS (ultimate version of OS/VS2)
TPF
OS/390 (follow-on to MVS, with an additional Unix-like environment)
z/OS (z/Architecture version of OS/390)
IBM System/34,36 System Support Product, or SSP
i5/OS formerly OS/400
Unix-like
AIX (a Unix version)
AOS (a BSD Unix version)
Linux (IBM has contributed much code to this open source operating system, listed below)
IBM 7090/94 IBSYS
IBM 8100 DPCX
IBM 8100 DPPX
K42
[edit] Macrosnet
MyBoss (First version currently in development.)
[edit] Microsoft
Xenix (licensed version of Unix; sold to SCO in '90s)
MSX-DOS (developed by MS Japan for the MSX 8-bit computer)
MS-DOS (developed jointly with IBM, versions 1.0–6.22)
Windows CE (OS for handhelds, embedded devices, and real-time applications that is similar to other versions of Windows)
Windows CE 3.0
Windows Mobile (based on Windows CE, but for a smaller form factor)
Windows CE 5.0
Microsoft Windows
Windows 1.0
Windows 2.0
Windows 3.0 (the first version to make substantial commercial impact)
Windows 3.1x
Windows 3.2 (Chinese-only release)
Windows 95 (aka Windows 4.0)
Windows 98 (aka Windows 4.1)
Windows 98 Second Edition (often shortened to Windows 98 SE) (aka Windows 4.2)
Windows Millennium Edition (often shortened to Windows Me) (aka Windows 4.9, not 4.3 due to the version number)
OS/2 (developed jointly with IBM)
Windows NT
Windows NT 3.1
Windows NT 3.5
Windows NT 3.51
Windows NT 4.0
Windows 2000 (aka Windows NT 5.0)
Windows XP (aka Windows NT 5.1) (codename: Whistler)
Windows Server 2003 (aka Windows NT 5.2)
Windows Vista (aka Windows NT 6.0) (codename: Longhorn)
Windows Server 2008 (Uses Windows NT 6.0 base)
Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs
Windows Vienna (codename)
WinPE
[edit] Novell
NetWare network operating system providing high-performance network services. Has been superseded by Open Enterprise Server line, which can be based on NetWare or Linux to provide the same set of services.
SUSE Linux acquired by Novell which has adopted it as its core infrastructure. Novell now is a prime contributor to open-source projects based on Linux.
[edit] Xerox PARC Labs
Graphical Environment Manager (the operating system the Macintosh was based off of)
[edit] Non-standard language
Symbolics Genera written in a systems dialect of the Lisp programming language called ZetaLisp, for this reason referred to as Lisp machines.
Texas Instruments' Explorer Lisp machine workstations also had systems code written in Lisp Machine Lisp.
The Mesa programming language was used to implement some (all?) systems code in Xerox Star workstations.
PERQ Operating System (POS) was written in PERQ Pascal.
[edit] Other
Desqview, allows running multiple copies of DOS concurrently on one machine.
EOS (Operating System), developed by ETA Systems for use in their ETA-10 line of supercomputers
GCOS is a proprietary Operating System originally developed by General Electric
PC-MOS/386 - DOS-like, but multiuser/multitasking
SINTRAN III - an operating system used with Norsk Data computers.
THEOS, THEOS Software Corporation
TinyOS
TRS-DOS A floppy-disk-oriented OS supplied by Tandy/Radio Shack for their Z80-based line of personal computers.
TX/4 and DX/10 - proprietary operating systems for TI 990 minicomputers
MAI Basic Four - An OS implementing Business Basic from MAI Systems.
Michigan Terminal System - Developed by a group of American universities for IBM 360 series mainframes
TSX-32, a 32-bit operating system for x86 platform.
[edit] Other proprietary Unix-like and POSIX-compliant
Aegis (Apollo Computer)
Amiga Unix (Amiga ports of Unix System V release 3.2 with Amiga A2500UX and SVR4 with Amiga A3000UX. Started in 1989, last version was in 1992)
Clix (Intergraph's System V implementation)
Coherent (Unix-like OS from Mark Williams Co. for PC class computers)
DNIX from DIAB
Idris workalike from Whitesmiths
IRIX from SGI
NeXTSTEP (developed by NeXT; a Unix-based OS based on the Mach microkernel)
OS-9 Unix-like RTOS. (OS from Microware for Motorola 6809 based microcomputers)
OSF/1 (developed into a commercial offering by Digital Equipment Corporation)
OPENSTEP
QNX (POSIX, microkernel OS; usually a real time embedded OS)
Rhapsody (an early form of Mac OS X)
RISC/os (a port by MIPS of 4.3BSD to the MIPS RISC architecture)
RMX
SCO UNIX (from SCO, bought by Caldera who re-renamed themselves SCO Group)
SINIX (a port by SNI of Unix to the MIPS RISC architecture)
Solaris (Sun's System V-based replacement for SunOS)
SunOS (BSD-based Unix system used on early Sun hardware)
System V (a release of AT&T Unix, 'SVR4' was the 4th minor release)
System V/AT, 386 (The first version of AT&T System V UNIX on the IBM 286 and 386 PCs, ported and sold by Microport)
Trusted Solaris (Solaris with kernel and other enhancements to support multilevel security)
UniFlex (Unix emulating OS by TSC for DMA-capable, extended addresses, Mototola 6809 based computers; eg SWTPC, GIMIX, ...)
Unicos (the version of Unix designed for Cray Supercomputers, mainly geared to vector calculations)
MUSIC/SP (an operating system developed for the S/370, running normally under VM)
DG/UX (Data General Corp)
[edit] SDS (Scientific Data Systems)
CP Control Program. SDS later acquired by Xerox, then Honeywell.
[edit] TRON Project
TRON (an open real-time operating system kernel)
[edit] UNIVAC (later Unisys)
EXEC I
EXEC II
EXEC 8 Ran on 1100 series.
[edit] Nonproprietary Unix-like
[edit] Research Unix-like and other POSIX-compliant
Minix (study OS developed by Andrew S. Tanenbaum in the Netherlands)
Plan 9 (distributed OS developed at Bell Labs, based on original Unix design principles yet functionally different and going much further)
Inferno (distributed OS derived from Plan 9, originally from Bell Labs)
Plan B (distributed OS derived from Plan 9 and Off++ microkernel) [4]
Solaris, contains original Unix (SVR4) code (code now open source via OpenSolaris project)
Unix (OS developed at Bell Labs ca 1970 initially by Ken Thompson)
Xinu, (Study OS developed by Douglas E. Comer in the USA)
[edit] Open source Unix-like
BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution, a variant of Unix for DEC VAX hardware)
FreeBSD (one of the outgrowths of UC Regents' abandonment of CSRG's 'BSD Unix')
DesktopBSD FreeBSD distribution for desktop use
PC-BSD FreeBSD distribution for desktop use
DragonFly BSD forked from FreeBSD
NetBSD (one of the outgrowths of UC Regents' abandonment of CSRG's 'BSD Unix')
OpenBSD forked from NetBSD
GNU Hurd
Linux
OpenDarwin
OpenSolaris, contains original Unix (SVR4) code
SSS-PC Developed at Tokyo University
Syllable
VSTa
UnixLite
[edit] Nonproprietary non-Unix-like
[edit] Research non-Unix-like
Amoeba (research OS by Andrew S. Tanenbaum)
Croquet
House Haskell User's Operating System and Environment, research OS written in Haskell and C. [5]
ILIOS Research OS designed for routing, sources at [6].
EROS microkernel, capability-based
CapROS microkernel EROS successor.
Coyotos microkernel EROS successor, goal: be first formally verified OS.
L4 Second generation microkernel
Mach (from OS kernel research at Carnegie Mellon University; see NeXTSTEP)
MONADS capability-based OS designed to support the MONADS hardware projects [7].
Speedos builds on MONADS ideas [8]
Nemesis Cambridge University research OS - detailed quality of service abilities. [9]
Singularity - A research operating system written mostly in managed code (C#) by Microsoft. [10]
Spring (research OS from Sun Microsystems)
V from Stanford, early 1980s Capability-Based Computer Systems
[edit] Open source non-Unix-like
FullPliant (programming language based)
FreeDOS (open source DOS variant)
FreeVMS (open source VMS variant)
Haiku (open source inspired by BeOS, under development)
ReactOS (free software Windows NT compatible OS, in early development)
[edit] Disk Operating System
DR-DOS (Digital Research's [later Novell, Caldera, ...] DOS variant)
Concurrent DOS (Digital Research's first multiuser DOS variant)
Multiuser DOS (Digital Research's [later CCI's. Real's/...] multiuser DOS variant)
FreeDOS (open source DOS variant)
ProDOS (operating system for the Apple II series computers)
PTS-DOS (DOS variant by Russian company Phystechsoft)
QDOS (developed at Seattle Computer Products by Tim Paterson for the new Intel 808x CPUs; also called SCP-DOS; licensed to Microsoft, became MS-DOS/PC-DOS). This is sometimes confused with Sinclair QDOS operating system for the Sinclair QL computer.
MS-DOS (Microsoft's now abandoned DOS variant)
PC-DOS (IBM's DOS variant)
RDOS (Data General Corp)
[edit] Network
Cambridge Ring
CSIRONET by (CSIRO)
CTOS (Convergent Technologies, later acquired by Unisys)
Data ONTAP by Network Appliance
SAN-OS by Cisco
EOS by McDATA
Fabric OS by Brocade
NetWare (networking OS by Novell)
NOS (developed by CDC for use in their Cyber line of supercomputers)
Novell Open Enterprise Server (Open Source networking OS by Novell. Can incorporate either SUSE Linux or Novell NetWare as its kernel).
OliOS
Plan 9 (distributed OS developed at Bell Labs, based on Unix design principles but not functionally identical)
Inferno (distributed OS derived from Plan 9, originally from Bell Labs)
Plan B (distributed OS derived from Plan 9 and Off++ microkernel) [11]
[edit] Generic/commodity, non-Unix, and other
BLIS/COBOL
Bluebottle also known as AOS (a concurrent and active object update to the Oberon operating system)
BS1000 by Siemens AG
BS2000 by Siemens AG, now BS2000/OSD from Fujitsu-Siemens Computers (formerly Siemens Nixdorf Informationsysteme)
BS3000 by Siemens AG (functionally similar to OS-IV and MSP from Fujitsu)
Control Program/Monitor (CP/M)
CP/M-80 (CP/M for Intel 8080/8085 and Zilog Z80 from Digital Research)
CP/M-86 (CP/M for Intel 8088/86 from Digital Research)
CP/M-68k (CP/M for Motorola 68000 from Digital Research)
CP/M-8000 (CP/M for Zilog Z8000 from Digital Research)
MP/M-80 (Multi programming version of CP/M-80 from Digital Research)
MP/M-86 (Multi programming version of CP/M-86 from Digital Research)
DESQview (multi-tasking windowing user interface for DOS)
DESQView/X (X-windowing GUI for DOS)
FLEX9 (by TSC for Motorola 6809 based machines; successor to FLEX, which was for Motorola 6800 CPUs)
GEM (windowing GUI for CP/M, DOS, and Atari TOS)
GEOS (popular windowing GUI for PC, Commodore, Apple computers)
JavaOS
JNode JNode.org's OS written 99% in Java (native compiled), provides own JVM and JIT compiler. Based on GNU Classpath
JX Java operating system that focuses on a flexible and robust operating system architecture developed as an open source system by the University of Erlangen.[12]
KERNAL (default OS on Commodore 64)
MERLIN [13] for the Corvus Concept [14]
MorphOS (by Genesi)
MSP by Fujitsu (successor to OS-IV), now MSP/EX for 31-bit mode
MUMPS Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System.
nSystem by Luis Mateu at DCC, Universidad de Chile
NetWare (networking OS by Novell)
Oberon operating system (developed at ETH-Zürich by Niklaus Wirth et al) for the Ceres and Chameleon workstation projects. see also Oberon programming language
OSD/XC by Fujitsu-Siemens (BS2000 ported to an emulation on a Sun SPARC platform)
OS-IV by Fujitsu (based on early versions of IBM's MVS)
Pick (often licensed and renamed)
PRIMOS by Prime Computer (sometimes spelled PR1MOS and PR1ME)
Sinclair QDOS (multitasking for the Sinclair QL computer)
SkyOS (Commercial desktop OS for PCs)
SSB-DOS (by TSC for Smoke Signal Broadcasting; a variant of FLEX in most respects)
SymbOS (GUI based multitasking operating system for Z80 computers [15])
TripOS, 1978
UCSD p-System (portable complete programming environment/operating system/virtual machine developed by a long running student project at the Univ Calif/San Diego; directed by Prof Ken Bowles; written in Pascal)
UMIX, made for the ICFP Programming Contest 2006.
VME by International Computers Limited (ICL)
VOS by Stratus Technologies with strong influence from Multics
VOS by Hitachi for its IBM-compatible mainframes, based on IBM's MVS
VM2000 by Siemens AG
VisiOn (first GUI for early PC machines; not commercially successful)
VPS/VM (IBM based, main operating system at Boston University for over 10 years.)
aceos under GPL
[edit] For Elektronika BK Soviet personal computer
ANDOS
AO-DOS
BASIS
CSI-DOS
DOSB10
DX-DOS
FA-DOS
HC-DOS
KMON
MicroDOS
MK-DOS
NORD
NORTON-BK
RAMON
PascalDOS
RT-11
ROM embedded
RT-11SJ
OS BK-11 (RT-11 version)
Turbo-DOS
BKUNIX
[edit] Hobby
AMOS
AROS (Amiga Research Operating System)
AtheOS became Syllable
BlueIllusion OS
Brainix
BRiX
Desert Spring-Time - An Ocaml based operating system
DexOS - a pure 32-bit protected mode OS written in 100% assembler
EROS
HelenOS
KolibriOS is a compact, but powerful OS written entirely in FASM assembly language
LSE/OS
MenuetOS is an extremely compact OS written entirely in FASM assembly language
NewOS
Sanos (Minimalistic x86 OS kernel)
Syllable (a modern, independently originated OS; see AtheOS)
Trion Operating System
V2 OS
Visopsys
[edit] Embedded
A/ROSE
Embedded Linux
Inferno (distributed OS originally from Bell Labs)
ROM-DOS
Minix version 3
T2 SDE
Windows XP Embedded
Windows CE
.NET Micro Framework
[edit] Personal digital assistants (PDAs)
Inferno (distributed OS originally from Bell Labs)
Palm OS from Palm Inc; now spun off as PalmSource
EPOC originally from Psion (UK), now from Symbian, preferred name now is Symbian OS
Windows CE, from Microsoft
Pocket PC from Microsoft, a variant of Windows CE.
Windows Mobile from Microsoft, a variant of Windows CE.
Linux on Sharp Zaurus and Ipaq
DOS on Poqet PC
Newton OS on Apple Newton Messagepad
VT-OS for the Vtech Helio
[edit] Music players
Rockbox (Free Software operating system for music player devices)
[edit] iPods
ipodlinux
Pixo
[edit] Smartphones
JavaFX Mobile
Windows CE
Windows Mobile
Embedded Linux, MontaVista Linux in Motorola's A760, E680
Mobilinux by Montavista.
Symbian OS
[edit] Router
CatOS by Cisco Systems
Cisco IOS (originally Internetwork Operating System) by Cisco Systems
Inferno (distributed OS originally from Bell Labs)
IOS-XR by Cisco Systems
ROX by Ruggedcom
[edit] Microcontroller, Real-time
ChorusOS
Contiki written in C
eCos
embOS (Segger)
FreeRTOS
Inferno (distributed OS originally from Bell Labs)
LUnix written in 6502
LynxOS
MenuetOS
MontaVista Linux (see also Embedded Linux)
Nucleus
OS-9 by Microware
Operating System Embedded: OSE
OSEK
Phoenix-RTOS
Prex
QNX
RTAI
RTEMS
RTLinux by Wind River Systems
ThreadX
TRON (also ITRON, BTRON, CTRON, MTRON, etc.)
µCLinux
INTEGRITY
VRTX
VxWorks by Wind River Systems
XMK (eXtreme Minimal Kernel)
Xenomai [16]
[edit] Capability-based
KeyKOS nanokernel
EROS microkernel
CapROS EROS successor
Coyotos EROS successor, goal: be first formally verified OS
MONADS designed to support the MONADS hardware projects [17].
Speedos builds on MONADS ideas
V from Stanford, early 1980s Capability-Based Computer Systems
[edit] LEGO Mindstorms
BrickOS operating system
leJOS operating system