C++ and C language software can be found in various places.
Mingw.org has their MinGW C/C++ compiler using GNU tools and is one of the best, IMO at least, and it's free. Microsoft also offers it's VisualStudios clients for free as well though many feel VS is very proprietary to Windows only and lacks in some areas.
I have a good list of sites you can get extra tools for MinGW from as well here for you. I have used it and regardless of how many people say VisualStudios is the best, nothing beats the value and resources the GNU Tools have offered. Here you go:
http://www.mingw.org/ - The compiler itself. Uses GNU tools in the native Win32 environment instead of an emulated Linux/BSD environment such as Cygwin.
http://nasm.sourceforge.net/ - Netwide Assembler. Open source assembler for x86 platforms including Windows and Linux.
http://www.talula.demon.co.uk/allegro/wip.html - Get their DirectX 8.0 library but only install files that are not included already with MinGW. (Note: Allegro is also a good programming API. Check it out)
http://www.libsdl.org - Simple DirectMedia Layer is one of the best foundation API toolkits around and it supports a good bit of interfaces like DirectX, OpenGL, and others. Very good to have if you ever are looking into going cross-platform with your software. I will warn you... SDL does not have a lot of debugging software for the APIs it manages so if you are going to be coding in DirectX, for example, you will need to use the debugging included with the DirectX distribution for MinGW.
http://www.gimp.org/~tml/gimp/win32/ - The GTK GUI toolkit. Very powerful and reliable GUI toolkit for many operating environments and systems. Again good for multiple platforms.
http://www.bloodshed.net/devcpp.html - Free software IDE manager for MinGW. You only need the standalone version. Integrates very smoothly and allows for easier file editing and management.
If you are wondering why a lot of the software is cross-platform ready is because GNU tools (if you already don't know or for others who may read this) this is because a lot of developers are branching out to get a stronger user base across other platforms like Linux, BSD, and now recently X86 IntelMacs and not just Windows.